Ihame ry'imikorere y'imashini zisukura amazi zikoresheje Cryogenic

By Mike ChenUmuyobozi w'Umusaruro | Imyaka 12+ mu Nganda za Rubber |LinkedIn

Ibintu by'ingenzi byakunzwe

• Imashini ikoresha uburyo bwa cryogenic deflashing ikuraho flash ikoresheje azote y'amazi kugeza igihe icitse intege, hanyuma ikayimenagura ikoresheje imbaraga zigwa imbere mu cyuma kizunguruka.
• Iyi gahunda irakora kuko urumuri ruto rukonja kandi rugacika vuba cyane kurusha igice kinini cy'umubiri, bityo urumuri rugacika mu gihe igice kikiriho.
• Ibipimo bitatu bigenzura umusaruro: ubushyuhe bw'imikorere (kugeza kuri -150°C), umuvuduko w'umuzingo (20–70 RPM), n'igihe cy'izunguruka (munsi y'iminota 8).
• Iri ni ihame rifatika, ritakora ku buryo bworoshye rikuraho urumuri rwiza cyane hatabayeho gukata ibikoresho, ari nayo mpamvu rigera ku gipimo cyo gutsinda kiri hejuru ya 98% ku bice by'ubuhanga.

Igisubizo gito: Imashini ikoresha uburyo bwa cryogenic deflashing ikuraho flash na burrs ikoresheje impinduka mu mikorere y'ibikoresho ku bushyuhe buke. Ikonjesha ibice hamwe na azote y'amazi kugeza igihe flash yoroheje ikomera kandi icika intege, hanyuma ikabyinjiza mu cyuma kizenguruka bityo impanuka igacagagura flash kure y'igice kikiri gito. Ni inzira ifatika, idakoraho: nta blades, nta abrasives, nta gutoranya intoki.

Uburyo bwinshi bwo kurangiza buca, busya, cyangwa bugasiba ibikoresho. Gukuraho ibikoresho bikozwe mu buryo bwa Cryogenic bigira ikindi kintu gitandukanye: bihindura ibikoresho ubwabyo, bigatuma urumuri rudakenewe rworoshye kumena kurusha ibicuruzwa bifatanye nabyo. Ihame risa nka fiziki aho kuba imashini, kandi ni ko bimeze.

Iyi mfashanyigisho isobanura siyansi iri inyuma y'iyi gahunda, inyura mu mikorere y'imashini intambwe ku yindi, igacamo ibice by'ingenzi n'ibipimo, kandi igasobanura impamvu urumuri rucika mu gihe igice kikiriho. Niba wigeze kwibaza uburyo imashini ishobora gukuraho igice idakoze ku gice, iki ni cyo gisubizo.

Gukuraho ubushyuhe bw'amaraso mu buryo bwa Cryogenic ni iki?

Gukuraho ubushyuhe bukabije (Cryogenic deflashing) ni inzira irangiza ikuraho ubushyuhe bukabije, ubushyuhe, n'ubushyuhe bukabije mu bice byabumbwe binyuze mu kubikonjesha kugeza ku bushyuhe bukabije kugira ngo ibintu binini bishire, hanyuma bigakoresha imbaraga za mekanike kugira ngo bikureho ubushyuhe bukabije.Ijambo "cryogenic" ryerekeza ku ikoreshwa ry'ubushyuhe buri hasi cyane, akenshi butangwa na azote y'amazi.

Bitandukanye no gucukura amazi hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa "mechanical deflashing", bukoresha umuyoboro uzenguruka kandi akenshi bugakoreshwa mu gukata cyangwa gusya, gucukura amazi hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa "cryogenic deflashing" bikoresha uburyo bwa mbere bukonje.Kubera ko iyo nzira idakanda icyuma ku gice, ikuraho urumuri ku tuntu duto, impande z'imbere, n'imiterere igoye igikoresho cyo gukata kidashobora kugeraho.Niyo mpamvu yabaye ihame ry’ibice by’ikoranabuhanga bipima neza, ibice bito by’indege, n’ibice by’ikoranabuhanga riciriritse.

Fiziki iri inyuma y'iyi gahunda

Uburyo bwose bushingiye ku mutungo umwe w'ibikoresho: ubushyuhe bw'impinduka y'ikirahure, cyangwa Tg.Hejuru ya Tg yayo, ikintu cya rubber kiba cyoroshye kandi gihindagurika; munsi yayo, ibikoresho bimwe biba bikomeye, bisa n'ikirahure, kandi bicika intege.Tg nyayo iratandukana bitewe n’ibintu bivanze—umusemburo karemano kandi ibintu byinshi bya sintetike biracika intege iyo biri munsi ya 0°C, mu gihe silikoni iguma yoroshye iyo ubushyuhe bukonje—ariko ihame rikoreshwa kuri elastomer zose.

Dore igitekerezo cy'ingenzi gituma inzira iba nziza.Umucyo ni muto kandi woroheje, bityo ntugira ubushyuhe bwinshi cyane kandi ukonje ukagera munsi ya Tg yawo hafi ako kanya iyo uhuye na azote y'amazi.Igice kinini cy'umubiri kiba kinini kandi kiremereye, bityo gifata ubushyuhe bwinshi kandi kikaguma hejuru y'aho kibohoka igihe kirekire. Mu gihe gito ibice bimara mu cyuma, urumuri ruracika mu gihe igice kigumana ubushobozi bwo kugitwara kugira ngo kibeho ingaruka zikurikiraho.

Azote y'amazi ni isoko y'ubukonje kuko irakonje cyane—ishyuha cyane kuri −196°C—kandi ihendutse. Imashini iyishyiramo kugira ngo itere icyumba cy'umuzingo kugeza ku bushyuhe bwayo bwo gukora bwa −150°C, ubushyuhe buri hasi bihagije kugira ngo ihinduke vuba mu gihe ireka idirishya ry'umukoresha rigashobora kugenzurwa.

Uburyo imashini ikora, intambwe ku yindi

Inzira y'imashini irakora neza ariko biterwa n'igihe n'ubushyuhe nyabyo. Dore uko imashini ikoresha imashini isanzwe ikuraho ubushyuhe:

1. Shyira ububiko mu itsinda.Ibice bishyirwa mu cyumba cy’umuzingo, gitwara kugeza kuri Litiro 80—hafi ibiro 15–20 by’umusaruro bitewe n’ubucucike bw’ibice.
2. Konjesha icyumba.Azote y'amazi iterwa kugira ngo ubushyuhe bw'umuzingo bugabanuke bugana aho bukorera -150°C. Ubushobozi bwo gukonjesha bwa 1.1 kW bufasha mu kugumana ubushyuhe mu gihe cy'izunguruka.
3. Shyira akantu k'urumuri mu kanwa.Uduce duto tw’urumuri dukonja turenga ubushyuhe bw’ikirahure maze tugakomera kandi tugacika intege, mu gihe igice kinini cy’umubiri gikomeza kuba gito cyane.
4. Igwa kandi uvunike.Ingufu zizunguruka kuri 20–70 RPM, zigakubita ibice ku buryo bikorana ndetse n'ingoma. Ingufu z'ingufu zikuraho urumuri rw'ingufu ku murongo ugabanya.
5. Tegereza igihe cyo gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri.Izenguruka ryose rimara iminota iri munsi ya 8—igihe kirekire bihagije kugira ngo rikureho urumuri, ni gito bihagije kugira ngo igice kidakonja kugeza aho cyangiritse.
6. Kuramo hanyuma utandukanye.Ibice byavunitse bisohoka hamwe n'ibice byavunitse, hanyuma bigatandukanywa n'ibimaze kurangira.

Reba ibitariho: nta cyuma, nta kintu cyo gukaraba kirimo, kandi nta muntu ukoresha icyuma kiyikoraho.Kubera ko imbaraga zo gukuraho zikoreshwa n'ibice ubwabyo bigwa, imashini ikata ubuso bwose kimwe, harimo n'ibice byo hasi n'impande z'imbere.

Ibice by'ingenzi n'inshingano zabyo

Buri gice kiri muri mashini ikoresha uburyo bwa cryogenic deflashing kigera ku ntambwe imwe y'ihame. Gusobanukirwa inshingano bituma inzira yoroshye kuyitunganya no kuyikemura.

Ibisobanuro biva muriimashini ikuraho aside y'amazi ikoresheje icyuma gishyushya amaziurupapuro rw'ibicuruzwa.

Imiterere mito y'iyi mashini—ifite uburebure bwa mm 1200 na mm 2000 z'ubugari na mm 1200 z'uburebure, ipima kg 200—bivuze ko ihame ryose rihuye n'agace gato gatangaje k'icyumba cyo kurangiza.

Impamvu Uduce duto tw'amatara ducika maze igice kigasigara

Uburyo bwo guhitamo cryogenic deflashing ni bwo bwizerwa mu gukora neza, kandi birakwiye gusobanurwa mu buryo burambuye kuko ari byo bibuza inzira gusenya igice kimwe n'urumuri gusa.

Ukworoha kunyura mu bikoresho uko igihe kigenda gihita, kandi ibice bito bigera ku kumererwa nabi mbere y’uko ibice binini bigera.Umurabyo, ubusanzwe ufite ubugari bwa milimetero imwe, ukonja mu buryo bwa Tg hafi ako kanya. Igice cy'umubiri, gifite ubunini inshuro nyinshi, gikonja buhoro buhoro uhereye imbere mu kirere. Mu gihe cy'uruziga rugufi, umurabyo uba warangiritse neza mu gihe igice cy'imbere—ndetse akenshi n'ubuso bwacyo—bugumana umuyoboro uhagije wo kwigarurira ingaruka zo kugwa zidacitse.

Niyo mpamvu igihe cyo gukora imyitozo ari ingenzi cyane.Koresha uruziga igihe kirekire cyane maze igice ubwacyo gikonja munsi ya Tg yacyo maze kigacika intege, icyo gihe urusaku rukuraho flash rutangira gucikamo ibice.Ikoreshe ngufi cyane kandi flash ntabwo iracika, bityo irakura aho gucika. Igihe cyo gusiganwa kiri munsi y'iminota umunani cyateguwe kugira ngo gihore hagati y'ibyo bintu bibiri byananiranye.

Ibipimo by'uruziga n'icyo bigenzura

Udukoresho dutatu tw’ikoranabuhanga—ubushyuhe, umuvuduko, n’igihe—bigena niba igikorwa gikuraho flash neza cyangwa cyangiza ibice byayo. Bihindure hamwe, ntabwo ari ukwabyo.

Igenamiterere ryiza rishingira kuri Tg ivanze, ubugari bw'ibice, na imiterere ya flash. Gutunganya neza ni akazi ka buri gicuruzwa, ntabwo ari ugushyiraho rimwe gusa.

Kubera ko ubushyuhe nyabwo bwo kugorama butandukana bitewe n'ikintu kimwe, ibipimo byiza biratandukanye kuri rubber karemano, NBR, FKM, na silicone.Imyitwarire y’ubudahangarwa bw’urusenda ubwarwo ni igipimo gisanzwe—ASTM D2137 na ISO 812 bisobanura uburyo bwo kumenya aho urusenda rudahangarwa rw’urusenda rudahangarwa—ibi bikaba ari ingenzi mu gushyiraho idirishya ry’ubushyuhe ku gicuruzwa gishya.

Ibikoresho Bikwiriye Gukuraho Ubushyuhe mu Gihe cy'Indabyo

Iyi gahunda ikora aho urumuri rushobora kwangirika kurusha igice.Ni bwo buryo bukoreshwa cyane mu gukora ibikoresho bya pulasitike n'ibya plastiki, kandi bunakora ku bikoresho bitandukanye by'icyuma.

Ikoreshwa risanzwe ririmo ibice bikomeye bya kabutura, ibice bito by’indege, ibice bya kabutura by’imodoka, kabutura ya sintetike igezweho, ibice bya pulasitiki igezweho, ibice bya electronic, ibice bikomeye bya elegitoroniki, na zinc, manyeziyumu, cyangwa aluminiyumu, hamwe n’ibifunga by’ubuziranenge. Kuri ibi bice, ihame ryo kudakora ni iri: rikuraho urumuri icyuma kidashobora kugeraho kandi rikareka ubuso bugakorwaho.

Ku bijyanye n'akazi koroshye kandi gafite ubwinshi bwa O-ring cyangwa kuri silicone aho fragment iba igoye kugeraho, hari andi mahame ashobora kujyana neza.imashini zisukura imipiraharimo n'izindi ngufu za mekanike n'iz'umwuka zirinda azote y'amazi burundu.

Ibibazo Bisanzwe n'uburyo bwo kubikemura

Gukuraho umuriro mu buryo bwa Cryogenic ni uburyo bwo guhindura ibintu. Ibibazo byinshi bikemurwa no guhindura ubushyuhe, umuvuduko, cyangwa igihe—ntabwo ari ugusimbuza ibice.

Umwanzuro: Gusukura hakoreshejwe ubushyuhe, ntabwo ari igikoresho

Ihame ry'imikorere ya mashini ikoresha uburyo bwa cryogenic deflashing ni ryiza cyane mu buryo bworoshye: gukonjesha flash kugeza igihe ibaye icyuma gicika intege, hanyuma ureke ipfundo riyimene ku gice kikiri gito. Nta icyuma, nta gukuba, nta kuboko. Fiziki ikora ibyo igikoresho cyo gukata kidashobora gukora - kugera ku tuntu duto no ku nkengero z'imbere hanyuma igakuraho flash neza idakoze ku buso.

Uburyo butoranywa kuko bushingira ku bushyuhe: urumuri ruto rutangira gucika mbere y’uko igice kinini kibikora, kandi idirishya rigufi rituma igice gikomeza kuba mu mutekano. Ubushyuhe, umuvuduko w’urukiramende, n’igihe cyo kuzenguruka ni byo bintu bitatu bituma igikorwa kiguma imbere muri iryo dirishya.

Ku bijyanye n'ibikoresho bya pulasitike, pulasitiki, n'ibice byayo bikozwe neza, iryo ni ryo tandukaniro riri hagati yo kurangiza ibicuruzwa no kurangiza gutunganya urumuri. Iyo umaze gusobanukirwa ihame, imashini irahagarara isa n'agasanduku gakonje igatangira kugaragara nk'inzira igenzurwa kandi ishobora gusubiramo—iyo ushobora gukosora, gupima no kwizera.